Bupivacaine HCl (AH250; HSDB7790; SKY0402; AH-250; Win-11318; HSDB-7790; SKY-0402; Marcaine), the hydrochloride salt of Bupivacaine, is a potent inhibitor of cAMP production that also binds to the intracellular portion of voltage-gated sodium channels and blocks sodium influx into nerve cells.

Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL; Aptiom; Zebinix) is a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker and a β-Secretase inhibitor used as an antiepileptic/anti-convulsant drug.

Fosphenytoin sodium, the sodium salt form of fosphenytoin, is a prodrug of phenytoin with similar anticonvulsant properties.

Proparacaine HCl (Proxymetacaine; Proxymetacaine), the hydrochloride salt of proparacaine, is a voltage-gated sodium channels antagonist approved as an ophthalmic solution for topical anesthetic use in ophthalmic practice.

PF-06869206 (PF06869206) is a novel, potent, selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of the sodium-phosphate cotransporter NaPi2a (SLC34A1) with the potential to treat CKD.

PF-05241328 is a novel, potent and selective inhibitor of human Nav1.7 voltage-dependent sodium channels (Nav1.7), with an IC50 of 31 nM.

Zonisamide (AD810; CI912; AD-810; CI-912), an antiepileptic drug, is a voltage-dependent sodium channel and T-type calcium channel blocker.

RY-785 is a novel,potent and selective inhibitor of Kv2 (IC50 = 0.05 µM).

5-(N,N)-Dimethylamiloride Hydrochloride (Hexamethylene amiloride), an amiloride derivative, is a Na(+)-H+ exchange inhibitor that decreases the intracellular pH (pHi) and induces apoptosis in leukemic cells.

Nefopam HCl (Fenazoxine; Leoplexamin; Lenipan; Oxadol; Pallopikeron; Acupan), the hydrochloride salt of nefopam, is a centrally-acting (non-opioid analgesic) painkiller that has been used to treat moderate pain such as muscle pain, joint pain, dental pain, or pain from cancer.