ML417 is a novel and selective agonist of D3 dopamine receptor, it potently promotes D3R-mediated β-arrestin translocation, G protein activation, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation (pERK) while lacking activity at other dopamine receptors.

Alizapride HCl (Limican; Plitican; Vergentan; Superan; Alizaprida; Litican; MS-5080), the hydrochloride salt of alizapride which is a medication used for the theropy of nausea and vomiting, is a potent dopamine receptor antagonist with prokinetic and antiemetic effects.

FAUC-365 (FAUC365) is a novel, potent and selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonist with the potential to be used for the treatment of schizophrenia, and Parkinson’s disease.

Levodopa (L-DOPA, Dopar, Sinemet, Pharmacopa, Atamet, Stalevo, Madopar, Prolopa) is the L-isomer of DOPA and the precursor to the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline) with anti-Parkinson’s disease activity.

Nilvadipine (formerly ARC-029; FR34235, FK235; ARC029; FR-34235; FK-235; Escor, Nivadil) is a potent calcium channel blocker (CCB) with potential antihypertensive activity.

Pramipexole 2HCl (also known as SND 919), an agonist of the Gαi-linked dopamine receptors D2, D3, and D4, is a potent dopamine agonist of the non-ergoline class that is used for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS).

PD-168077 maleate, the maleate salt of PD168077, is a novel, potent, centrally active and selective dopamine D4 receptor agonist with a Ki of 9 nM.

Bromperidol (Impromen; R11333), a butyrophenone derivative, is potent and long-term maintenance treatment for schizophrenia.

Spiperone ( E-525; R-5147; Spiroperidol) is a novel and potent antipsychotic agent acting as a dopamine D2, serotonin 5-HT1A, and serotonin 5-HT2A antagonist with the potential for neurology diseases.

MPTP hydrochloride is a dopaminergic neurotoxin and cause selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in animal models of parkinsonism.